Resistance Across A Capacitor

When an electric potential a voltage is applied across the terminals of a capacitor for example when a capacitor is connected across a battery. This variation is called the capacitors complex impedance.

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Impedance is the total resistance in ohms of any network at a specific frequency including both the real and imaginary of angular parts.

Resistance across a capacitor. Unlike a resistor an ideal capacitor does not dissipate energy. Like resistance it is measured in ohms but reactance is more complex than resistance because its value depends on the frequency f of the electrical signal passing through the capacitor as well as on the capacitance c. It is reading as if there is an open circuit across the capacitor.

But if the capacitor filter is fed by a transformer and diodes the resistance of the transformer exceeds that of the capacitor. The effective resistance of the capacitor reduces the ripple current through the capacitor making it less effective in its function of smoothing the voltage. Choosing a capacitor c and frequency f is best.

As the frequency applied to the capacitor increases its effect is to decrease its reactance measured in ohms. Likewise as the frequency across the capacitor decreases its reactance value increases. If we read a very high resistance across the capacitor several mw this is a sign that the capacitor likely is defective as well.

A normal capacitor would have a resistance reading up somewhere in between these 2 extremes say anywhere in the tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of ohms. Capacitors have a resistance that is totally imaginary with a vector of 90 degrees. Capacitive reactance symbol x c is a measure of a capacitors opposition to ac alternating current.

Calculate the reactance x c. The resistor will offer 5 w of resistance to ac current regardless of frequency while the capacitor will offer 265258 w of reactance to ac current at 60 hz. Capacitors are widely used as parts of electrical circuits in many common electrical devices.

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